Oil and Gas Industry Tries to Rehabilitate Fracking Amid Calls for National Ban
API’s video is part of a broader strategic campaign by the oil and gas industry to quash public support for a national ban on hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and to promote itself as the “natural gas and oil industry.” The lobbying group released its video last week to coincide with the fifth Democratic presidential debate, saying, “some Democratic presidential candidates are now proposing restrictive energy policies that would erase a generation of American progress.”
Several
leading Democratic presidential contenders have said they would include a ban
on fracking as part of their climate plan.
Elizabeth
Warren has pledged to immediately end oil and gas leasing offshore and on
public lands, and also to “ban fracking — everywhere.” Bernie Sanders includes
a ban on fracking in his comprehensive climate plan, and he repeatedly
references via Twitter his commitment to ban fracking. Kamala Harris said
during a televised “Climate Town Hall” in September that she would seek to ban
fracking as well.
Tying
Domestic Oil and Gas to Patriotism
The
fact that presidential candidates are even talking about a fracking ban
undoubtedly has the petroleum industry concerned, as the new API video implies.
The video features former presidents from both political parties, from Jimmy
Carter and Ronald Reagan to George W. Bush and Barack Obama, declaring the
importance of ending reliance on foreign oil and speaking to progress in
advancing domestic petroleum production.
The
video, which also features patriotic images like the Statute of Liberty and
American flags, concludes with the message: “Support America’s Energy Security.
Oppose a Fracking Ban.”
Patriotic
imagery is central to the branding and messaging of another organization
pushing gas industry talking points. That group, The Empowerment Alliance
(TEA), is a new dark money organization devoted to “securing America’s energy
independence” by singularly promoting natural gas. TEA launched at the end of
September and, like API, is gearing up to push back against proposed climate
policies and frameworks like the Green New Deal and a fracking ban.
The
oil and gas industry pushback comes at a time when momentum is building in the
U.S. and abroad towards serious climate action that includes a just transition
away from fossil fuels. In September on the eve of the massive global climate
strikes, over 400 activists sent a letter to UN Secretary General António
Guterres calling for a worldwide ban on fracking.
The
United Kingdom announced a temporary fracking ban in early November, and on
November 14 the European Investment Bank announced that it would end financing
for fossil fuel projects by 2021. In the U.S., California Governor Gavin Newsom
recently took a step towards banning fracking in the state by announcing a
moratorium on steam-injected drilling along with stricter review and
regulations on oil and gas extraction. And last week, the greater Boston community
of Brookline, Massachusetts, passed a ban on oil and gas systems in new
buildings and renovations, following the lead of California communities that
have passed similar measures.
The
Gap Between Climate Ambitions and Fossil Fuel Plans
Also
last week, on the same day API released its “energy security” video, the United
Nations Environment Program and other research organizations published a new
report that for the first time analyzes the planned production of fossil fuels
in the context of the Paris Agreement goal to limit warming to 2.7º F (1.5°C)
and well below 3.6°F (2°C) above preindustrial levels. That report found a
large “production gap” between countries’ commitment to limit warming and their
plans for expanding coal, oil, and gas production.
“Moving
away from fossil fuel production…is possible and increasingly necessary to
avoid dangerous climate change,” the report says. In other words, significant
fossil fuel–producing nations like the U.S. must start curbing production to
get in line with global climate commitments, though earlier this month
President Trump made official his intention to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris
Agreement. The UN is now saying that banning fracking or imposing other fossil
fuel supply-side policies is necessary to confront the climate crisis.
The
oil and gas industry, meanwhile, seems intent on convincing the American public
and politicians that banning fracking is a terrible idea, climate crisis aside.
On November 14 API posted a commentary claiming that a fracking ban would
“devastate U.S. energy and the world economy,” citing another recent article by
a Manhattan Institute senior fellow warning of a global recession should the
U.S. ban fracking.
The
Manhattan Institute is a recipient of fossil fuel funding and regularly attacks
clean energy and climate policies, attacks which include making false claims
about electric cars and calling the Democratic presidential candidates’ climate
plans “pure fantasy.” Running the U.S. economy entirely on clean, renewable
energy, the Manhattan Institute claims, is “simply not possible given today’s
technology and basic physics.”
Contrast
that with the assertion that it is entirely technologically possible, as outlined
by Stanford researcher Mark Z. Jacobson. Furthermore, the claim that a fracking
ban would cause a global recession completely ignores warnings that the climate
crisis (which fracking worsens) literally threatens the global economy,
according to sources such as the World Economic Forum.
Echoes
From Industry Promoters
Nevertheless,
fossil fuel producers and their promoters continue claiming that restraining
oil and gas production is the real economic threat. The Detroit News ran a
recent op-ed under the headline “Banning fracking would disrupt global
economy.” The author of that op-ed, Hillsdale College economics professor Gary
Wolfram, has been affiliated with notorious climate science–denying
organization the Heartland Institute, which has received funding from Koch
Industries and ExxonMobil. The Empowerment Alliance linked to Wolfram’s piece
in the “News” section of its website.
Republicans
in Congress, recipients themselves of oil and gas cash, are supporting the
industry’s opposition to banning fracking. Several Republicans have introduced
resolutions prohibiting a unilateral moratorium on fracking by a president.
Democrats in the House already blocked one of those resolutions, sponsored by
Rep. Rob Bishop of Utah.
Senator
Pat Toomey of Pennsylvania introduced a similar resolution in the Senate.
“Natural gas has been a game changer for our country and our commonwealth,”
Toomey said. “It is essential we push back on these ideas that threaten the
prosperity and security of Pennsylvanians and Americans.”
As
Sen. Toomey put it, “these ideas” like banning fracking may threaten the oil
and gas industry, but citizens are increasingly viewing reining in the industry
as essential to protecting their health and environment. The coalition
“Pennsylvanians Against Fracking” is advocating for a fracking moratorium in
Toomey’s home state, and last week the state, following visits from families of
rare cancer patients, announced nearly $4 million in funding for studies on the
health impacts of fracking.
In
other states, including Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Carolina, a
recent poll commissioned by Greenpeace found that two in three voters in these
early primary states, regardless of political affiliation, support ending the
production of fossil fuels.
API
plans to target “key 2020 states” with a digital campaign promoting its new
energy security video, relaying the misleading message that American oil and
gas production is the only path to energy security, ignoring the fact that 100
percent renewable energy, which over 100 U.S. cities have already committed to,
also creates energy security and independence.
“A
Wind-down of Gas Production”
But
as the UN’s new “Production Gap” report reiterates, unrestrained oil and gas
production is inconsistent with the world’s climate targets. Current production
plans result in 43 percent more oil and 47 percent more gas in 2040 than would
be consistent with a 2°C pathway, according to the analysis.
And
while the oil and gas industry likes to point to the role of natural gas in
reducing carbon emissions (while ignoring increases in globe-warming methane
emissions), the Production Gap report warns that “the rapid rise in oil and gas
production will push total U.S. extraction-based CO2 emissions 40 percent above
2005 levels by 2025.”
“The time to begin planning for a wind-down of gas production is, as with other fossil fuels, already upon us,” the report states.